Most people are well versed in how to use the Internet. However, not everyone may understand how the sites are organized. At one level, they are organized in a technological structure, which allows the computers on it to communicate easily. Of course, humans use the Internet as well so there is a second layer of organization that includes domains. These are the plain language site names that make it easy for you to find a site again.
Each address has a top level domain (TLD) included in it that represents in which of the broadest categories of the domain name system it fits. The TLD is the piece of the site address that sits to the right of the final period. For example, the TLD for www.google.com is the ". Com" portion.
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is the international organization responsible for managing the list of available TLDs. This group has delegated pieces of its authority to do this to a collection of various smaller groups across the globe. You can purchase your domain names through any number of commercial entities. However, these entities don't control the scope of options available. They work with ICANN approved groups to make sure that no domain name is assigned to more than one site.
The first collection was divided into three main divisions: countries, categories, and multi-organizations. The original category options were COM, NET, EDU, GOV, MIL, and ORG. Each one represented a general site type. The most popular one for domain names has historically been COM (commercial) intended for business interests, but in reality available for use by anyone.
Some of these category endings were more restrictive as to what kind of sites could use it. For example, EDU, which stands of education, was only available to sites operated by educational institutions. The modern name for these category options is generic top level domain (gTLD). As the Internet has grown, the list of gTLDs has also grown. A number of new categories have been approved by ICANN for use. Some examples are BIZ (restricted to businesses), NAME (intended for private individuals), and INFO. In some cases, industry specific gTLDs have been created, like TEL and AERO.
Geographic code options have also increased in number. When this type was first created, they were primarily two letter combinations, such as MX (Mexico) or EU (European Union). The geographic codes are now formally known as country code TLDs (ccTLD). Countries speaking languages that aren't written in Latin letters have started getting ones in their own alphabets approved. This has paved the way for domains written in such languages like Mandarin, Russian, Greek, and Arabic.
New types are being proposed. Some have suggested that city names, like NYC, Berlin, or London, join the ranks of geographic endings. There are also new categories under discussion. Some of these suggested new ones are Music, Free, and Shop. These new ones get proposed because users want more precise ways to organize their website addresses. Furthermore, the more precise the TLD, the better guidance it can give as to what type of website it represents.
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Read up on domain names registering at UK2. Find out more about TLDs, and if you require this kind of domains service
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